Petri Dish
A Petri dish is a shallow, circular, transparent container with a flat lid, commonly used in laboratories for microbiological studies. Named after German bacteriologist Julius Richard Petri, it is an essential tool in scientific research.
Structure and MaterialsTraditionally made of glass, Petri dishes are now also available in disposable plastic versions. The lid helps prevent contamination while allowing gas exchange, essential for microbial growth.
Uses in SciencePetri dishes are most often used to culture bacteria, fungi, or small plants. Scientists place a nutrient-rich growth medium, such as agar, inside the dish, then introduce microorganisms to observe their growth patterns. They are also used in cell culture, antibiotic sensitivity testing, and environmental sampling.
Significance in ResearchPetri dishes allow controlled observation of microorganisms, aiding in discoveries related to disease, drug development, and biotechnology. Their simple design has made them indispensable in laboratories worldwide.
InnovationsRecent advancements include compartmentalized Petri dishes for multi-sample testing and specialized coatings to support delicate cell types. Despite modern automation, the Petri dish remains a fundamental, low-cost, and versatile scientific tool.